C-NPT: Cardiovascular

A 3-year-old patient in respiratory distress secondary to a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is being transported.  A patient in initial shock most likely will suffer from which acid-base disorder?

A 30-week gestation neonate with a hypoplastic left heart is on FiO₂ of 18% with a corresponding pre-ductal SpO₂ of 71%. The team is currently at 2,000 feet, and the patient has an increase in SpO₂ to 73%.  What is the initial intervention for this patient?

A neonate has sudden decompensation two days after going home with parents. The infant was full-term and seemingly healthy. On assessment, the pre-ductal SpO₂ on the right hand is 90%, and lower extremity SpO₂ is 70%. No femoral pulses are noted, and there is a distended abdomen. What is the suspected clinical diagnosis?

A normal central venous pressure (CVP)/right atrial pressure (RAP) reading would be?

A patient has a blood pressure of 102/58. What is the mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

A patient presenting with Beck’s triad is most likely experiencing:

A patient is experiencing left ventricular diastolic failure. What is the focus of first-line therapy?

Beck’s triad has all of the following EXCEPT which of the following?

Common causes of an elevated pulmonary artery (PA) pressure include all the following except?

Dopamine’s alpha-adrenergic effects are related to?

How is cardiac output (Q) determined?

How much circulating blood volume does your pediatric patient have?

Identify the underlying problem based on the following parameters:

• CVP 0
• CI 6.1
• PA S/D 30/14
• PCWP 6
• SVR 400

Identify the underlying problem based on the following parameters:

• CVP 16
• CI 1.3
• PA S/D 44/26
• PCWP 27
• SVR 2052

Identify the underlying problem based on the following parameters:

• CVP 1
• CI 1.6
• PA S/D 12/8
• PCWP 5
• SVR 300

Identify the underlying problem based on the following parameters:

• CVP 1
• CI 1.8
• PA S/D 11/5
• PCWP 4
• SVR 1800

Immediately following rapid sequence intubation (RSI) and the use of succinylcholine, a 3-year-old patient develops a widened QRS complex and then a sinusoidal rhythm on the monitor. Subsequently, the patient goes into cardiac arrest. What condition do you suspect?

Infants are born with ____________ axis deviation?

Left axis deviation is noted on the EKG for a 1-hour-old neonate. This would indicate?

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) represents?

The central venous pressure (CVP) monitors what?

The following hemodynamic parameters are noted on a neonate:  CVP 2, PCWP 12, CI 1.5, SVR 1800.  What is the diagnosis?

The following hemodynamic parameters are obtained:  CVP 8, CI 1.4, and PCWP 13.  This could indicate what problem for the patient?

The high vascular resistance in the fetal lung is due to which of the following physiologic mechanisms?

The team is caring for an 18-month-old, 10 kg patient experiencing a heart rate of 230 beats per minute.  The best medication for this patient is:

The ___________ measures filling pressures on the right side of the heart as the tip of the catheter lies in the right atrium.

What is the formula for determining mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

What is the normal range for a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)?

What is the normal systemic vascular resistance (SVR) measurement?

When obtaining a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) on a cardiac patient, there is a large “V” wave on the waveform.  After confirming correct placement and ensuring that the balloon is not ruptured, what condition is suspected?

Which of the following congenital disorders results in a right-to-left shunt?

Which of the following pressures is augmented by the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) inflation?

Which of the following pulmonary artery pressures is within normal limits?

Which type of medication blocks the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system to help with heart failure?

While transferring a patient out of the pediatric ICU, the following hemodynamic parameters are noted: CI 1.6, CVP 17, PAP 44/22 mmHg, and PCWP 18 with a current BP of 78/60 and HR of 120. These hemodynamic parameters would suggest what diagnosis?

Your patient presents with the following hemodynamic parameters: CVP 10 mmHg, PCWP 20 mmHg, cardiac output 2 mL/min, SVR 2,000 dynes/sec/cm/-5.  What type of shock is this patient in?

____________ is a drug that has potent alpha effects and is used to increase systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in profound vasodilatory redistributive shock states such as sepsis and neurogenic shock.